Armenia’s Foreign Minister Ararat Mirzoyan and U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio in Washington endorsed a document on Armenia‑U.S. joint work under the Trump Route for International Peace and Prosperity (TRIPP) initiative. It was noted that the document, published below, represents a new step toward implementing commitments made at the White House on August 8, 2025, to contribute to lasting peace in the South Caucasus, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs said.
The framework outlines concrete steps for launching TRIPP, intended to establish seamless multimodal transit connectivity through Armenian territory, linking Azerbaijan with its Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic and creating a vital link in the Trans‑Caspian trade route. It is expected that TRIPP will generate mutual international and domestic connectivity benefits for Armenia.
Reflecting principles affirmed at the historic Peace Summit hosted by President Trump on August 8, the TRIPP implementation framework emphasizes the importance of sovereignty, territorial integrity, and reciprocity for the initiative’s overall success. TRIPP’s ultimate objective is to reinforce prosperity and security for Armenia and Azerbaijan, promote American trade by expanding regional commerce and connectivity, and create new transit opportunities connecting Central Asia and the Caspian to Europe.
The published document describing TRIPP’s implementation outlines the launch procedure of the Trump Route for International Peace and Prosperity. This framework does not create, nor is it intended to create, legal obligations or binding commitments for Armenia or the United States.
“On August 8 in Washington, in the presence of the U.S. President, the Prime Minister of Armenia and the President of Azerbaijan signed a Declaration that forms the basis for opening transport connections. The presented document clarifies the initiative’s structural and operational provisions while reinforcing the objectives of the signed declaration.”
TRIPP aims to form a multilayered transit corridor through Armenia, strengthening regional stability and cooperation based on international law. It is expected to become a source of reciprocal economic opportunities for Armenia, connecting regional economic hubs.
Through TRIPP, the United States seeks to:
- Ensure progress toward lasting peace based on the August 8 Joint Declaration.
- Open connectivity, trade, and linkage in the South Caucasus to promote peace, stability, and prosperity in the region.
- Expand market access and supply chain links in the Trans‑Caspian region.
- Present an example of peace built through prosperity to the world.
Through TRIPP, Armenia seeks to:
- Expand Armenia’s role as a regional transit and economic hub.
- Attract foreign direct investment into Armenian infrastructure.
- Create modern institutional capacities for border management and trade facilitation.
- Produce stable revenue streams and rights of purchase for Armenia.
- Strengthen strategic partnership with the United States.
- Contribute to regional integration and settlement.
- Expand Armenia’s export potential to new markets.
Expected benefits of TRIPP for the United States include:
- Opening new markets for American investment, business, and goods.
- Regional trade connectivity that brings raw materials, critical minerals, and rare earths to U.S. markets.
- Additional trade route options between the United States, Europe, and Asia, ensuring the movement of people and goods irrespective of geopolitical shifts.
Expected benefits of TRIPP for Armenia and its people include:
- Employment: job opportunities for qualified Armenian citizens.
- Joint ventures: opportunities between international and Armenian companies.
- Technology transfer: capacity development for Armenian firms.
- Workforce training: skills development for Armenian labor.
- Regional reinvestment.
Commitment to success
Armenia’s commitment:
Armenia is committed to the success of TRIPP as a strategic initiative serving its national interests. Armenia intends to take the following actions:
- Demonstrate full cooperation and support for the TRIPP development company.
- Ensure effective coordination among Armenian government bodies.
- Facilitate timely processing of permits, approvals, and regulatory procedures.
- Maintain open communication with U.S. partners.
- Work toward regional settlement to realize TRIPP’s full potential.
- Develop differentiated procedures for people, vehicles, and goods, including in both directions between Azerbaijan and its Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic based on Armenian law, regulations, international agreements, and international standards.
Prerequisites for success
Armenia and the United States recognize that TRIPP’s success depends on:
- Further institutionalization of peace between Armenia and Azerbaijan.
- Progress toward a comprehensive Armenia‑Turkey normalization.
- Sustainable U.S. engagement.
- Regional cooperation and stability.
- Effective development of Armenian institutional capacities.
Strategic partnership
TRIPP reflects a deepening of Armenia‑U.S. strategic partnership. Armenia views the project as a foundation for long‑term cooperation in infrastructure, economic development, and regional integration.
Establishment of TRIPP development company
TRIPP is to be implemented within the transit routes planned through Armenia, at locations to be specified in the future, while preserving Armenia’s full sovereignty over the initiative’s coverage within Armenian sovereign territory. The TRIPP development company, with a U.S. controlling share and Armenian oversight on key issues, aims to ensure development and implementation of TRIPP infrastructure.
Armenia intends to authorize and support the establishment of the TRIPP development company. The company is expected to be responsible for developing TRIPP, with a 49‑year initial term of the granted construction rights. Armenia intends to offer the United States a 74% share in the TRIPP development company and retain 26%. It is expected that this cooperation will extend another 50 years, granting the Armenian government additional ownership, bringing its share to 49%.
Changes in shareholders of the TRIPP development company (including sales, donations, mergers, demergers, reorganizations or any other legal or de facto actions) and changes in ultimate beneficial owners will require prior agreement with the Armenian and U.S. governments.
Armenia and the United States plan to work together in forming the corporate structure of the TRIPP development company. The structure is expected to reflect: (1) involvement of Armenian and U.S. governments in certain special decisions and matters concerning operation of the multimodal transit route, and (2) financial return to the United States for its initial investment, or other economic benefits to the U.S. government or U.S. companies.
Decisions on certain sensitive issues within defined principle areas will be made jointly through an Armenia‑U.S. leadership committee.
The TRIPP development company is expected to directly implement TRIPP rail and road projects and have subsidiaries or special purpose entities for other TRIPP components.
Armenia’s share in the TRIPP development company reflects its contribution through:
- Land‑use (development) rights within the transit routes.
- Existing infrastructure assets (subject to further discussion).
- Regulatory support and expedited permits.
- Non‑monetary investments related to border and customs infrastructure.
- Cash investments as necessary.
Each country will appoint a senior official as the principal coordinator for TRIPP implementation, responsible for interagency coordination and serving as the main liaison with the TRIPP development company.
Granting of development rights
Armenia intends to grant the TRIPP development company exclusive rights to:
- Plan, design, develop, construct, operate, and maintain multimodal transit infrastructure within the designated transit corridors.
- Establish special purpose entities for specific infrastructure projects.
- Enter into contracts with construction firms, operators, and service providers.
- Create and collect revenues from infrastructure operations.
- Manage the TRIPP route as an integrated system.
Development rights may include but are not limited to:
- Rail infrastructure — railways, terminals, stations, rolling stock facilities.
- Road infrastructure — highways, roads, bridges, tunnels.
- Energy infrastructure — power transmission, oil and gas pipelines.
- Digital infrastructure — fiber‑optic networks.
- Supporting infrastructure — administrative buildings, utilities, security and safety systems, per Armenian legislation.
The TRIPP development company may collect and retain income from various sources including but not limited to:
- Infrastructure access fees.
- Commercial activity within the transit corridor.
- Property leasing and development.
- Service fees.
- Shares of revenue from special purpose entities.
Armenia clearly retains:
- Legislative, regulatory, and judicial authority over TRIPP coverage within Armenian sovereign territory, enforcing laws and regulations consistent with Armenian domestic law and international agreements.
- Control over national security and law enforcement activities.
- Customs and border control authority over TRIPP trade and transit.
- Authority over taxes, customs duties, and other compulsory trade and transit charges.
- Access to all segments within Armenian sovereign territory.
- Authority to apply all Armenian laws in transit corridor areas within Armenian sovereign territory.
Special purpose entities
The TRIPP development company, while directly implementing the rail and road components, is expected to establish separate legal entities for large infrastructure components as determined by further studies and analysis. Each entity will have management, financing, and operation models appropriate to the specific infrastructure type and strategic considerations. Special purpose entities will initially be established by the TRIPP development company, with understanding that private sector investment opportunities may be pursued in later phases on a case‑by‑case basis.
Border security and customs control
Fundamental principles: Armenia’s sovereignty and authority over border and customs operations are absolute and non‑negotiable. All border and customs activities are expected to be conducted in accordance with internationally recognized border management standards, preserving the principles of the August 8 declaration and using a “front office‑back office” operational model.
Integrated border management: Armenia intends to further develop and implement modern integrated border management practices, with potential U.S. technical assistance including:
- Risk‑based inspection and customs clearance procedures.
- Modern inspection technologies.
- Digital customs and border systems.
- Coordinated interagency processes.
- Capacity building for Armenian officials.
Pilot projects: Armenia intends to implement pilot projects to optimize:
- Customs pre‑clearance procedures.
- Digital document circulation and processing.
- “One‑stop” border point concepts.
- Risk assessment using technology.
- Coordinated border management with neighboring countries.
“Front office‑back office” operational model: To enhance efficiency while preserving Armenian sovereignty and authority, a “front office‑back office” model using digital tools to facilitate seamless connectivity will be applied.
“Front office” (third‑party operators): It is anticipated that private operators under contract with the TRIPP development company will provide customer‑facing services including:
- Initial document collection for inspection.
- Information and guidance for users.
- Collection and processing of trade and transit fees, with Armenian taxes, customs duties, and other compulsory payments remitted directly to the Armenian state budget in accordance with law.
- Facilitation and coordination support.
- Administrative assistance.
“Back office” (Armenian state bodies): Armenian customs and border officials will exercise all sovereign authorities under Armenian law and international agreements, including:
- Final customs decisions and clearances.
- Security inspection and enforcement.
- Migration control.
- Law enforcement actions.
- Permits and approvals.
- Inspection and verification.
Clear authorities: Front office operators support but do not decide. Armenian officials maintain physical presence at all border and customs facilities, and no sovereign functions are delegated.
Customs procedures: Armenia will continue to develop and implement:
- Risk‑based selective modern cargo inspections with centralized physical examinations.
- Transit regimes with efficient procedures and traceability for transit goods under agreement.
- Pre‑arrival processing with electronic document submission and handling.
- “Single window” systems for integrated trade documentation.
- Harmonized procedures in line with international customs standards.
Security operations: Armenia retains full authority within its sovereign territory. Infrastructure security projects must be approved by Armenian security agencies. Armenian authorities have priority in all emergencies. Private operational security personnel may be employed if licensed by Armenia, the document states.
